tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12672955178930097002024-03-13T20:06:38.194-07:00Libram MeaGifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.comBlogger17125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-79513541534277337742023-11-13T22:25:00.000-08:002023-11-13T22:25:18.975-08:00Executing the King's English<p></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">In early January, I was
transcribing a supplementary document for court proceedings. It was a simply
awful time for someone who was an English grammar teacher in a past life. (I
nearly got a English literature scholarship for my first university degree,
too.) The documents were so badly written that it gave me profound thoughts
about the death of my language (which we will get to!).</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">There were hundreds of pages of this
stuff, which was mostly variations on the first ten pages or so, but it wasn’t exactly
repetitive. (At least that would have been quick and easy to transcribe!) Every
page was full of mistakes, but different mistakes. It was all written by the
same person – as far as I can tell – who simply didn’t know how to use spelling,
capitalisation, or indentation. That much I could excuse, except this person didn’t
even make consistent mistakes; almost like they didn’t know, so were just
hedging their bets. Their spelling was puzzling, and even their sentence
structure didn’t always make sense. After transcribing only dozens of the
hundreds of pages of this documentation in Microsoft spell checker was
highlighting Melbourne and subtotal as mistakes. This writing was so bad that
it caused the machine to second guess itself! I even started wondering: How could
someone learn how to use a language in a way that made them </span><span class="MsoIntenseEmphasis"><b><i>actively more difficult to understand?</i></b></span></span><span style="font-family: "Rockwell",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">Of all things, I started thinking
about the latest series of advertisements I’d been getting on YouTube. These were
obviously written and voiced entirely by artificial intelligence, then
recommended to me by another artificial intelligence, in a way that insulted my
organic intelligence. None of the artificial intelligence involved had the
capability of detecting any mistakes. (Pro. tip: try saying “this $AU200 machine”
relative to anything. It’s just weird and wrong, isn’t it?)</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">Even as a child I observed how
television programming was becoming more automated with less human involvement
who for example would decide to begin a advertising break midway through a
sentence? To cut off a joke before the punchline? Now though the artificial
intelligence writes and voices the advertisements as well as recommending them
to me, after engineering the greatest certainty that my attention wouldn't go
anywhere else.</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">I had a horrible flash-forward to
a future in which even such creative and intuitive tasks would be performed
entirely by artificial intelligence. They of course would be designed and
administered by unaccountable mathematicians and engineers. They in turn are
not likely to deeply understand grammatical intricacy or poetic appeal. Even language
tools designed by engineers prove this: digital spelling-checkers & online
translators are a imperfect substitute for a professional proof-reader. Nevertheless,
people seem more willing to pay for tools like Grammarly than a human
proof-reader (at least according to advertisements served to me, a former
grammar teacher).</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">We are familiar with the
expression that “those who don’t learn [from] history are doomed to repeat it”
(Santayana, 1905). I recently heard a variation of this, that “those who learn
history are doomed to watch helplessly while others repeat it”. I foresaw another
version of this, in which people who passionately care about language – or English,
at least – would be doomed to watch helplessly while it is abused by bureaucracies
who are insufficiently self-aware to realise the problem, let alone their
contribution to it. </span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">From my perspective, the trouble began
before my time (just). The 1980s push for economic rationalism valued maths
over languages and technical skills over contextual thinking. I distinctly
remember being told in school that there was no need to study anything except
for business, law, and accounting degrees, in that order, because “every way
you want to work is a business and everyone you want to do business with speaks
English”. Retrospectively this proved my point about awareness, because the
advice was given to us by P.E. Teacher. As a society we invest butt-tonnes of
money into professional and community sport. The dividends are a society which
is less healthy than 50 years ago, similarly successful in international
competitions, but spends more per head on gambling than anyone else (including
other cultures that are stereotypically famous for it). My lifetime had already
seen the Japanese boom and the $5 orange, with its legacy still visible in
parts of this country. Within a few short years of us young ones receiving this
advice came the China boom. The major skills in demand were mining and civil
engineering, but we already had people who could do that, as well as sports
science. Now we needed Mandarin fluency and cultural skill. Whoops!</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">We muddled through that of course;
Australia continues to be the lucky country. China is the major trading partner
for ourselves and pretty much everyone else. Now there is still a shortage of
people who “understand” China, and people who can write well. People can't
write well? how can that be we all learned that at school! So did the people
who wrote the submission, who somehow don't understand capitalization,
punctuation, or spelling. </span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">You might have heard employers
today complaining that there are too many people in the job market who “don’t
know how to write”. Perhaps this is also linked to a resurgent discourse of “soft
skills” in hiring practice? Never mind that the project managers & lawyers
would have all been encouraged to study “hard” sciences, math’s &
technology, over languages, or creative/performing arts. Those on the other
side will be consigned to jobs in data entry, systems maintenance &
administration, hospitality, childcare, aged care, teaching, social work, or
manual trades, without any hint of irony. (That is, until machines completely
replace manual trades as well.) Irony at least can be unintentional as it doesn’t
require reflective capacity, after all. According to recruitment theory, formal
education is only 10% of what somebody knows. Education theory also says that
one can reliably retain 10% of lesson input, if one was even paying attention. What
these jobs tend to have in common is low pay, low social status, and insecure
conditions. The rich will get even richer, and the poor will remain poor.</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">None of my concerns are at all
new. The book ‘Eats shoots and leaves’ (Truss, 2003) is based on a pun which
most native anglophones wouldn't immediately understand, since the pun is
inherently grammatical. The book makes analogy to a parrot in danger who could
only scream out phrases and words which it's overheard (from memory, “I’ve lost
my other sock!”). The parrot doesn't understand that those words don't fit its
current context and that a different expression fits its context perfectly (e.g.,
“help! Fire!” or “call an ambulance!”). Even context is something which is beyond
its bird-brain, and so it dies helplessly. I may not have even learned about in
school except for a particular choice of subjects and teachers. </span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">Even George Orwell took
inspiration by science-fiction dystopia in which human government was
completely surrendered to artificial intelligence. Accordingly, the population
were taught facts like 2 + 2 = 4 without ever learning the meaning of ‘plus’. Presumably,
no one had thought that was important enough to program into the A.I. Orwell
's crowning glory (1984) imagined a world in which all literature, cinema, and other
performing arts was procedurally generated by machines operating by people with
the requisite technical skill but who didn't actually care about the content
they generate. Meanwhile, the P.O.V. protagonist Winston still reads book recreationally.
He values his books so highly that he tries to keep them secret from the deep
state. He is also an employee of the same state whose primary duties appear to
be maintaining the retroactive continuity of the authorised truth and history. While
comparing what we don't like about the world to 1984 is very cliché, – see also
‘the Handmaid's tale’ – I’d like to consider how to prevent this from being
irreversibly entrenched.</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">I'm a great admirer of
continental Europe. I appreciate learning in school – since I defied that P.E. Teacher's
advice and continued studying languages, in which I got good marks – that the
German we learned at school was codified and authorised by the German
government. This took a rigorous and extensive scientific process including
qualified professionals and academics and politicians who took their tasks very
seriously. The French government likewise regulates vocabulary and grammar of
their language. Perhaps there is another purest in their society who bemoans
the encouragement of “<i>le weekend</i>”?</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">This role I see being taken up by
the Commonwealth of Nations – who presently also seems to care more about sport
than other forms of “cultural ties” – or the British Council. With input from
truly worldwide expertise and understanding, there should be authoritative standards
separate from the influence of celebrity micro-blogging, deliberate misspelling as
corporate trademarks, programming syntax, and other sources which society values
more than its own science and historical evolution. That standard could
helpfully replace the absurdity of Microsoft and apple spell checkers looking
at Australian, Bermudan, Canadian, Irish, New Zealand, Zimbabwean <b>and </b>British
English as separate languages, then also defaulting to American English,
apparently at a whim.</span></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Rockwell", serif;">Our language is dying. The forces
involved globally significant and they require a globalised response. I
certainly can’t save it on my own. The King’s English needs our help. (If King
Charles happens to get a copy of this, I’m available to discuss how to reverse
this trend.) </span></span></p>
<p></p>Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-56932525488610442262023-02-13T02:06:00.002-08:002023-11-13T22:24:42.318-08:00Everyone needs a librarian<p style="text-align: left;"> <span style="font-size: small;">
</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">We
think about librarianship being primarily about cataloguing and
inventory; knowing which books are in stock and exactly where they
all are. The profession itself regards its work as being about
precise service; matching what a customer wants exactly, down to the
best storage medium (book, D. V. D., etc.). My argument is that the
core of the profession is maintenance; ensuring that the information
you have is accurate and accessible. This profession should be
treated as mission-critical for any serious bureaucracy. My opinion
comes from both study and experience. </span></span>
</p><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><div style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">My
first post on this log mentioned how libraries are derived from the
name for “a place of papers”, typically as part of a medi</span><span><span lang="en-AU">æ</span></span><span lang="en-AU">val
monastery or cathedral school. Imagine the hazardous conditions of
that time and place: mould from European rain in a room without
sealed windows; moths and other bugs; fire; theft; general entropy. A
large part of a librarian's time would have been taken up by</span><span><span lang="en-AU">
checking the condition of the 'papers', and ordering replacement
productions as needed. Even in classical times, the full contents of
a library were restricted, so controlling access has also been a core
function. Discretion of records was also historically necessary; with
all the effort and expense of producing new books, only knowledge
judged to be historically significant was preserved at all. </span></span></span>
</div><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><div style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">We've
talked about living and working in the information age for a long
time (~30 I'd say). We've all surely heard talk about “working
smarter, not harder”. I'd argue that attitude is especially
relevant in hot, dry climates like Australia. This has taken an added
impetus as the Chinese Communist Party last year amended its
fundamental doctrine, to say that data is now a factor of economics,
as important as land, labour, and capital. All this should mean that
managing information – and information literacy – are just as
important skills as managing people or machines. Even Australian
defence planning now talks about having “decision superiority”.</span></span></div><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><div style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">About
ten years ago, I worked in a business which had a revolutionary
service offering of a paperless office. Another part of their
revolution was doing away with a traditional I. T. department, in
favour of simply 'information'. Unfortunately, the revolution was
incomplete: the – now fully digital – mail room wasn't integrated
with the 'information' department, and neither was freedom of
information. Surely the change was made with the best intentions, but
with tragic results: this was also the job in which I discovered bit
rot. </span></span>
</div><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><div style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">A
large part of my day was downloading clients' case files onto a U. S.
B. and walking them to solicitors' offices. The only alternative –
used by everyone else – was to have someone print every page of
every file and carry them through the street. After pushing a trolley
full of paper through central Melbourne, complete with its wind and
rain, I realised that for all the talk about modernisation and
“working smarter, not harder”, this specific job hadn't changed
for at least 600 years. I jumped on board with the revolution of this
new business, until the day when a lawyer complained that I'd sent
them a corrupted file. After checking, I had to explain that there
was nothing we could do; the only (digital) copy of this file was
corrupted during upload. They shot the messenger soon afterwards.</span></span></div><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><p style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">The
experience gave me understanding to build upon this topic in my
Master's degree. Entropy is the enemy of librarianship and archiving;
we seek to maintain knowledge forever, but the physical medium for
storing information will constantly decay. Whether it be paper and
leather, the metal of a hard drive, the human brain, celluloid film,
or even tablets literally carved in stone, we are always in a race
against time. The bits rot as surely as a log. We keep seeking
technology which is more permanent in storage, easy to secure, easy
to maintain, and doesn't corrode anything around it. </span></span>
</p><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><div style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">With
knowledge, experience and understanding of bit rot, I've come around
to a few realisations. I now understand why any organisation of
sufficient size will periodically update/upgrade/refresh its storage
media: One way to guard against bit rot is to always have the bits
stored on factory-fresh hardware. I now also appreciate why
professions heavy on media – like law, academia, or government –
have the critical information in both 'hard' and 'soft' copies, if
only in case of emergencies. I would also like to experiment more
with printing on plastic or rubber. After all, at the rate of
decomposition and difficulty of recycling, plastic will endure
practically for ever. </span></span>
</div><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;">
</span><div style="margin-bottom: 0.18cm; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><span lang="en-AU">Furthermore
I maintain that librarians and archivists as information managers
should be natural candidates for risk management. Keeping information
resources safe and clean are essential elements of the profession.
Maintaining information resources, including backup and recovery, are
vital to any white-collar organisation operating at scale. </span></span>
</div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-16346831085502974622020-04-06T18:44:00.001-07:002020-04-06T18:44:15.981-07:00Goat stories and globalised IP<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Because I've been
writing and thinking a lot about historical fiction in medieval Bohemia, YouTube
recommended to me the “Old Goat Stories”, animated movies based on
central-European fairy tales. At a point in the second one, I imagined myself
as a writer inserting the line: “I would have gotten away with it too, if it
weren't for you meddling kids, and your talking goat!”</span></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">That got me thinking:
can you copyright a catch phrase? At what point should intellectual property
which becomes successfully pervasive enough to become memes or tropes, stop
being protected?</span></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The hair to split in
this is that short phrases and brand identifiers are protected by trademarks,
not simply copyright. That's a surprisingly important difference, because
copyright is automatic with publication, but trademarks have to effectively be
bought from regulators. It's similar to buying a radio frequency, or a licence
to sell alcohol. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Furthermore, they are
only valid for specific purposes. Returning to the original research question,
I looked up the U.S. Trademarks & Patents Office and wrote some in. That's
how I learned anyone can say “yabba dabba doo” on the radio or internet –
because the original source material is no longer in production, so its
trademark has lapsed – but not print it on a T-shirt, because the trademark on
the apparel is ongoing. Similarly, ripping off “what's up doc” or “wassally
wabbit” without attribution will still cause trouble for you.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Secondly, copyright
and trademarks operate for different purposes. Copyright is meant to spread
original ideas around, as long as others recognise whose original idea it was.
[Academia has this at its foundation.] The only time you're allowed to get
aggressive is when your work is copied instead of being reproduced. Technically
speaking then, Warner Music can demand payment from any children's party who
sings “happy birthday” without acknowledging that they legally own the song.
Similarly, anyone who writes a series of books about Harry the Halfling
travelling with a wizard across a war-torn hellscape populated by orcs to
destroy an ancient artefact will probably find themselves in trouble with the
Tolkien estate [at least until 2043, when the rights will expire, and the
content will enter the “public domain”].</span></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">However, we're still
free to write about “halflings” and “orcs”, and spell “dwarves” instead of
“dwarfs”, even though these are all things which Tolkien invented. This is
because he didn't apply them as trademarks, which would give a legal monopoly
not only on copying but any reproductions. Any easily recognisable symbol or
slogan you're aware of from the 20<sup>th</sup> century is likely a trademark.</span></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Demonstrating the
relationship of intellectual property and legal protections leads to an
investigation of some of the biggest brands commonly around. Robin Hood has
been around for so long that, even if we could determine the original author,
it is definitely public domain. Exactly because it is a story and character so
widely recognisable, D.C.'s Green Arrow and Marvel's Hawkeye used it as the
base for their own, newer products, which are now protected by commercial law.
The same goes for the various animated and cinematic portrayals of Robin Hood
and the merry men, have paradoxically become products protected by commercial
law. Especially, anyone who tries to reimagine the story, viewing it from a
different angle, could argue that it is an innovation of the author, and
therefore protected.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Another successful
example demonstrates how it can't be assumed that that original author wants
people to add to work they've already done, to preserve their money-making
rights. Tolkien's “swords and sorcery” genre of “fantasy adventure” led to
Dungeons and Dragons (D&D). (Which seriously, even if you've never played before,
I bet you've heard of it, right?) Since their content isn't original, all they have
left are the rules systems and game mechanics, and they've been open sourced for
20 years. In the year 2000, the owners of the brand released an open game
licence (OGL), allowing others – A. K. A. Third-party providers; 3PPs – to
write and distribute material to be used for their game. Without this licence, the
owners had monopoly distribution rights, which they could enforce under penalty
of law. Instead, recognising the wide variety of “home-brewed” material that
was already being used by their customers – including tweaks to their core rule
systems – the publishers allowed that content to be distributed widely, provided
that the new authors “clearly indicate which portions of the work that you are
distributing are open game content”, according to OGL s8. Some of this
experimentation they later adopted into new, official rules and mechanics.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Another consequence
of throwing open the rights to their rules system was allowing more
competition. Some of their staff left and started a rival game publishing
company (Paizo), utilising the content covered in OGL, and taking it in a
different direction. Normally that is exactly what you don't want from your IP
regime.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Doing another
assignment, I was also impressed to find that Microsoft's online pictures
included coins and banknotes from Australia, and Ethiopia. Putting them in a
document includes a text box with the licencing information. Specifically,
"</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Australian_$1_Coin.png"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">This Photo</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> by Unknown Author is
licensed under </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">CC BY-SA</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">". This is a
creative commons protocol, meaning that anyone can use the image freely, anywhere,
including for commercial purposes. </span></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Other specific terms of the licence say, "</span><span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">indicate
any changes made. Any sharing of transformed material must be distributed under
the same licence as the original".</span><span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> After all, the point of creative commons is to encourage widespread use
of their content by removing any barriers. For the images of currency, its
purpose is similarly to be distributed for indiscriminate use, which raises the
question that if everyone should have it, should it have any IP protection?</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Yes, in fact. When Australia
changed from pounds to dollars in 1966, we originally had $1 notes. With the
best of intentions at the time, they had aboriginal art printed on one side. The
artist, David Malangi, recognised the work was his, and successfully sued the
Reserve Bank, which admitted they had not asked for permission to use his designs.
</span></div>
<div class="Textbody" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Century Schoolbook",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">When it comes to
digital publications, IP protections are intertwined with other concepts and
technological capabilities. Metadata is a big one, since it can effectively
determine who gets credit, and who gets paid. Digital rights management
software [DRM] is another emergent battleground, since it combines questions of
ownership and distribution with access. It can therefore be seen that copyright
and other considerations of disseminating intellectual property on the internet
are a rabbit hole that requires professional understanding to navigate. </span></div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-81814423934361751092020-03-30T20:59:00.003-07:002020-03-30T20:59:48.367-07:00Anglotech<b id="docs-internal-guid-f68c413d-7fff-688a-ad28-61c5c4cd9674" style="font-weight: normal;"></b><br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<b id="docs-internal-guid-f68c413d-7fff-688a-ad28-61c5c4cd9674" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">After first reading about geocaches, it seems to be a nearly inevitable application of data storage and communication technology. A network of thirty satellites in near Earth orbit (Neo) form the global positioning system (GPS). Originally intended for precise military navigation and intelligence gathering,it quickly found its use in civilian/commercial navigation. Now everyone with a mobile internet device can have their location pinpointed. This data is then collected by the owners and licensees of the technology being used, including for government intelligence gathering.</span></b></div>
<b id="docs-internal-guid-f68c413d-7fff-688a-ad28-61c5c4cd9674" style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Specific data can be stored - cached - at a particular point, which is visible on a dedicated map. A user with the geocaching app. can race around and find as many as they like, and compare what they've found with other users internationally. </span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">My first thought about this technological development is that it follows a historical precedent (at least for Anglo's): new capabilities are quickly, if not immediately militarised, and tightly controlled by government. The first aeronautical factories in Britain for example were state owned and operated, to supply what would become the royal air force. Radio and telephones were first deployed in Australia for army and navy use, with everyone else making do with the public post offices or commercial telegraph network. More recently, the internet was intended for data sharing by American defence researchers; now the GPS.</span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">The second phase traditionally is that public services begin offering the latest information capabilities and communication technology to their communities. Within living memory, country townspeople would visit their local post office or library to make a phone call. My father was very proud at the time to have gone to the public library in Tamworth, and used a photocopier for a school project in the 60s. Equivalent for me was when the internet was first publicised in the mid 90s, when my brothers and I took most of a day out to visit the State Library in South Brisbane. We marvelled at filling in an online form to request songs on the radio because the ABC had the only websites we knew of at the time. (The whole situation was so new that triple j's URL was <u><span style="color: blue;">abc.net.au/triplej</span></u>!) Weather forecasting and other geosciences foresaw the potential of satellites in their fields, and soon afterwards it was applied to archaeology.</span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">The next phase seems to be a phase of mass adoption, or at least mass availability, when political economic factors take hold. Enough enterprising and experimental early adopters have figured out how the mechanisms work, and how to make them operate optimally; what the "rules" or "best practices" should be.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Typically conservative corporations stop being dismissive of the new concepts and techniques, and stop being stubbornly averse to disruption, carried by the critical mass of r&d. Governments become involved, both in regulation and provision. </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Often, ambitious politicians envision the benefits of mass provision, leading to public institutions now considered sacred by default. Here, the Australian Communications Exchange gave birth to Telecommunications Australia (now Telstra) and the nationwide emergency services switchboard, generating incentive and demand for telephones in the home. Other examples include the ABC itself - or BBC or PBS - crucially providing content for the cutting edge media of radio, television, and of course internet. </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Governments started a network of airports, literally building capacity for future commercial airlines, even in competition with railway lines and seaports. Governments compare themselves and compete with each other, which is one reason why Frankfurt has an international airport to rival London's Heathrow, and why Australians will keep making jokes about their internet being worse than Kazakhstan, Romania, South Africa, and even New Zealand.</span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">In the next phase, corporations become more involved, if only because they're the only vehicle for limitless investment in the technology and its potential. Governments create a new market, and new operators find services to provide there. Without Google providing searching, indexing, caching, and analytical services, someone else would (even if they were sub/national libraries, archives, and research institutions). Without iTunes providing cheap IP licensing and access to valuable back catalogues, the likes of Napster, Kazaa, and Megaupload allowed file conversion and sharing of music and videos freely. </span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Often, there's a final phase, when government becomes a customer for the newly unleashed applications of technology. A high concept example is the demand for facial and voice recognition, and "big data" has become a ubiquitous computing industry fixation. As for geocaches, I can already see how useful they can be for local and national tourism bodies, and a further innovation for museum and gallery provision.</span></div>
</b>Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-54716726099776757842020-03-30T20:55:00.001-07:002020-03-30T20:55:21.995-07:00Information farming<b id="docs-internal-guid-657cbab9-7fff-5697-e315-5e6ea48e31ee" style="font-weight: normal;"></b><br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<b id="docs-internal-guid-657cbab9-7fff-5697-e315-5e6ea48e31ee" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">During research about different publishing models I came across this graph about the cost breakdowns (focusing on published academic journals, unsurprisingly). The section which intrigued me most was the calculation of added cost, if proofreaders and peer reviewers were properly paid for their time. That led me to wonder: who should be responsible for quality control in the market for information?</span></b></div>
<b id="docs-internal-guid-657cbab9-7fff-5697-e315-5e6ea48e31ee" style="font-weight: normal;"><br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">To make it translate more easily, let's imagine that instead it's like agriculture. Is it the farmer's job to ensure the highest quality of product goes to market, because they take such pride in their work? After all, they get public subsidies simply to plant, grow, and harvest. </span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Is it the supplier's role? Their brand faces the customer, so they'll suffer any reputation damage from too much faulty product being supplied. Is it the role of the retailer/wholesalers, so that they can identify and neutralise any consumer risk in their supply chains? </span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;">Is it the role of government, to ensure that all actors in the market operate to a high minimal standard, to minimise any threats to the population at large? (Particularly topical now, with the commentary about who should do what to contain any contagion from covid 19.)</span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> Should all the responsibility be transferred to the end consumer, where people can do as they like on the basis of "buyer beware"?</span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> Is it instead up to activist nonprofit groups, to conduct clandestine investigations, questioning the way the market works, and why?</span></div>
<br /><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;"> Is it instead part of the work of other farmers, to take the time to check each other's work, to advance the base standard of the entire industry? Hopefully then, one day, someone will benefit from that process to make a breakthrough which will revolutionise and advance their field in unforeseen ways.</span></div>
<br /><br /></b>Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-55971927389094939722020-03-08T23:09:00.004-07:002020-04-03T22:17:24.607-07:00Quickly on wikis<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This is one of the #23things which links today's internet with its
historical origins. It is based on:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"collaborative websites which can be directly edited merely by
using a web browser…by anyone with access to it". </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">That quote comes from Wiktionary, "the free online
dictionary", whose entries are built, and later built upon, by its users. It's
related to the famous Wikipedia, a collaborative encyclopedia.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Attitudes to Wikimedia projects have tended to be derisive and elitist,
exactly because it's common people contributing their knowledge freely, bit by
bit, in their own language, relying on other volunteers to check its
authenticity. Anecdotal evidence supports this; we all must have heard a story
of someone logging into Wikipedia to change an article, just to win an argument
at the time. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">That argument broke down for me after realising two things:</span></div>
<br />
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<li><span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Century Schoolbook"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Century Schoolbook"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Wikimedia material is updated faster than professional academia, and</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Century Schoolbook"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Century Schoolbook"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The information in it is surprisingly detailed, and surprisingly high quality,
since it's not aimed at any particular audience. </span></li>
</ol>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">At this point, I remember a time in primary school where we had to look
up the meanings behind days of the week and months of the year. I had the
Oxford dictionary, which was different to everyone else's, and told me this
much: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">" <span class="def">The day of the week after Tuesday and before
Thursday</span>".</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">By contrast, Wiktionary tells us this much:</span></div>
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<span style="color: #404040; font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #404040; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=75000 lumo=25000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themetint: 191;"><span style="color: windowtext;">"</span></span><span style="color: #404040; font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #404040; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=75000 lumo=25000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themetint: 191;"><span style="color: windowtext;">
The <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">fourth day</span> of the week in
many religious traditions, and the <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">third
day</span> of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows </span></span><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Tuesday" title="Tuesday"><span style="color: #0070c0;">Tuesday</span></a> </span><span style="color: #404040; font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #404040; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=75000 lumo=25000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themetint: 191;"><span style="color: windowtext;">and precedes </span></span><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Thursday" title="Thursday"><span style="color: #0070c0;">Thursday</span></a></span><span style="color: #404040; font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: #404040; mso-style-textfill-fill-colortransforms: "lumm=75000 lumo=25000"; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themetint: 191;"><span style="color: windowtext;">".</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Its page goes on to discuss the etymology (word origin), audio clips for
pronunciation, as well as writing guide in the International Phonetic Alphabet
(IPA). The online entry also lists informal and derived terminology,
translations, and how its use and spelling has changed over time [in English]. As
said on the homepage:</span></div>
<div class="MsoQuote">
<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">" Wiktionary has grown beyond a standard dictionary and now
includes a </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Wikisaurus" title="Wiktionary:Wikisaurus"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">thesaurus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">, a rhyme guide,
phrase books, language statistics and extensive appendices. We aim to include
not only the definition of a word, but also enough information to really
understand it". </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Just like Wikipedia, the homepage for Wiktionary has an introduction,
and some content to help people begin: a featured word of the day in English,
and the "foreign word of the day". They also include links to the
standards they use, and an experimental space for new users. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Extensive use of hyperlinks is a distinguishing feature of Wikimedia,
making them more interactive than standard articles or other pages of text. For
this reason, I kept the links in both previous definitions. In this way, it
took only four clicks/links to go from the homepage to the Wikipedia article
about "play as therapy" for small children. Linking so many unrelated
articles this way has led to Wikimedia being recognised as a massive, though useful,
time sink, both for users and contributors. The way that different Wikimedia entries
link to each other also forms a very well-connected data empire of its own.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Because of their simple design and construction, and the intensity of
engagement by the target user community, wikis are popular on other social
media. The <a href="https://www.urbandictionary.com/">urban dictionary</a>
should get a special mention, since it helps anyone with a net connection to
keep up to date with slang, both in a contemporary and historical sense. In the
same vein, <a href="http://fandom.com/">fandom.com</a> gives as much detail as
you can handle about any particular game, movie, TV series, or other pop
culture obsession. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "century schoolbook" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">In short: Wikimedia are a
great resource for anyone generally, but especially those of the information
professions. They're free, easy to use and understand, and as thorough as we
allow them to be. </span>Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-60874899899532317912020-03-08T21:03:00.000-07:002020-03-08T21:03:19.369-07:00Hanging out+<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Google's hangouts feature is good value (especially
since it's free). I used it quite often a few years ago, when friends in my
gaming group started moving interstate/overseas. Once we discovered that we all
had g-mail addresses, this seemed a logical fit to replace our tabletop
sessions. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Functionally, it's like any other videoconferencing
software out there, except that it's automatically linked to your g-mail
address and Google account. Someone starts the hangout, and invites other
people in. People's <a href="https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=propic">propics</a> show
up when they're speaking, or a live stream from their webcam, if enabled. We could
be individually muted, at either end. (With the state of Australian internet in
2014, people also randomly disconnected at different times. As a rule, webcams
were off, so reduce the lagging time.) We used the hangout to communicate with
each other while viewing an interactive presentation on another website. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">What was interesting about hangouts at the time was its
position in the digital mediascape. Hangouts were a built-in competition with
Skype, which functioned much worse – at least in this country – even to the
extent of allowing phone calls between Google accounts. I could be sitting at
my desktop in Australia, calling my friend who had Google+ (RIP) installed on
his mobile phone, thanks to Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP). </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Alternatively, while looking in my g-mail inbox, I can
use the same taskbar to send text messages to each other, which we used to pass
around private information during the game. This was great competition for
other instant-messaging applications at the time, including those offered by Facebook,
Lotus notes, Outlook, and 9MSN (RIP). </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Unlike Lotus or Outlook, Hangouts doesn't tend to come by default in a workplace or academic environment, unless you're in a small business like I was in, where Google/Android was their default. To me, this is another fact in their favour, as they're offering industry-standard software for mass availability. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Now I see you can use still the same taskbar for making
phone calls through VOIP. This must mean that Google/Alphabet is using their
size and tech power to compete with <b>every telco</b>. They charge for these
connections, but not for hangouts, which is interesting. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Investigating further, these former functions are now
split into multiple applications, which hopefully means that they each use less
data & bandwidth. Hangouts still function as instant messaging and
videoconferencing, though how it's different to Duo I have yet to find out. As a
audio companion to interactive websites – particularly in the gaming industry –
it seems to have fallen out of favour compared to Discord. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Phone calls are now split between Duo and Google Phone,
both of course designed for their Pixel mobiles, to compete with the likes of
Apple. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">My first preference for online audio group chat is
still through hangouts. Compared to others, it's very easy to use, very
reliable, and very easily available. </span></div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-22145767154587630322020-03-08T17:08:00.000-07:002020-03-08T17:08:50.782-07:00F/b groups<!--[if !mso]>
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<br />
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Like many aspiring people aged <35, I use Facebook
most days. My use even increased after an evaluation of the 2010 State Election
in Victoria found that Facebook posts were the quickest way of disseminating
information and receiving responses.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">They must have realised this too, with the
introduction of its 'groups' feature. This allows even more rapid communication
among a selective audience, including with reference documents. In this, they
may be attempting competition with other organisational-focused digital
applications, like Slack [which I also use in my volunteer work, but I
digress].</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">For example, here's one I use for my tabletop gaming
group, for 1<sup>st</sup> edition Pathfinder. Mostly, it's used for
notifications of upcoming game sessions, and a progressive record of the team's
activities and achievements from previous sessions. In the section marked
'files', I put reference documents to which I can direct the group members.
These include basic rules clarifications, pre-generated character ideas – A. K.
A. Pre-gen's – a simplified guide to making player-characters – <br />
A. K. A. P. C.s – and other trivia particular to the campaign setting.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4Y8EJYxE_t_6fTplhXd8muzUY3CL8kCJcrIxgEniZ6H0oIegfetNw1DjpKp6L-MRzZwu7Hd9iS6QYuBh2BGvm7XG7_PnPD-0EKhBlZcvlTqElp9lUUjWI6WUj2tDs9lQMYGFrSEt_-S8/s1600/mana+sea+demo..png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="923" data-original-width="1023" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4Y8EJYxE_t_6fTplhXd8muzUY3CL8kCJcrIxgEniZ6H0oIegfetNw1DjpKp6L-MRzZwu7Hd9iS6QYuBh2BGvm7XG7_PnPD-0EKhBlZcvlTqElp9lUUjWI6WUj2tDs9lQMYGFrSEt_-S8/s400/mana+sea+demo..png" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"></span><br />
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">[For those who are curious: I'm designing one based on
Australasia and the Pacific islands, as opposed to the European/North American
default. I enjoy exploring the implications of this on technology, politics,
and even diet. Having an undergrad. major in sociology will do that.]</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Effectively, this operates much like a shared 'page'
for Facebook, to which access can be restricted by the moderators. To
illustrate this difference, and its importance, I'll use a political example.
The “Australian Greens politics, news and discussion” group has public access.
Anyone can become a member of this group, and any member can post on the shared
wall/timeline. By contrast, “Discussion group for all of us” is a private group
for those who are active in campaigns for the Greens. There are probably others,
but I'm unaware of them yet, thanks to the 'hidden' access setting. Only
current members can invite new members; for everyone else, it won't even appear
in search listings.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Facebook groups have a 'announcement' feature, only
available to admin's/moderators of the group, while anyone can be part of the
'discussion'. Announcements are listed separately from the general discussion,
meaning that members also get separate notifications for them.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">One feature which groups lack would be a group chat
facility. My gaming group did make one, so that we could more rapidly
coordinate availability. I think there's a missed opportunity to link a
function in Facebook's instant messenger, so that you can import all the
contacts from a group, instead of having to remember them individually.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Another new feature for Facebook groups is 'units'. I discovered
this feature through the members' group for a university choir which I'm in. </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz3sEtIqKj1iwHRzeG1BfF1PEhXNU1ao8myFtX93GL7QfVmjxW3iEygQVUeDcfzrbWbcj6XVtlivhB8XDYj81jFYD2DLfCCRVh6BOxGUdDdJ-wtiO79fSG0YBJK3kvhLgXm3A5iN4gQnc/s1600/facebook+units.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="915" data-original-width="1042" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz3sEtIqKj1iwHRzeG1BfF1PEhXNU1ao8myFtX93GL7QfVmjxW3iEygQVUeDcfzrbWbcj6XVtlivhB8XDYj81jFYD2DLfCCRVh6BOxGUdDdJ-wtiO79fSG0YBJK3kvhLgXm3A5iN4gQnc/s320/facebook+units.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">This is a more interactive
or "gamified" combination of posting and internal files. Simply by
reading the post and clicking 'done' at the end, it will be marked as being 'completed'.
You don't get a 'badge' or anything, like if you keep viewing and interacting
with posts from a page makes you a "top fan" or "conversation
starter" for a week. </span><br />
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Presumably though, there is back-end data showing who
has done the unit and who hasn't. For this group, the big idea would be not
having to spend/waste time explaining the dress code for concerts to everyone,
every time, and this feature would be more accessible and interesting than merely
reading a policy document. Therefore, I foresee that this could be a tool used
for enforcement, to be sure that everyone is on the same level before turning
up. </span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Sans"; mso-bidi-language: HI; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">In short, Facebook
groups have plenty of features which make them more useful than merely scrolling
down your wall or checking on constant notifications. Continuous innovations
like this are what has made them stand out from the digital social media that
came before, and makes them continue to be relevant, as one of the #23things to
know about digital information media. </span></span></div>
<br />
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-82831094781565415202020-03-05T20:22:00.004-08:002020-03-05T20:22:45.803-08:00Digipubs<!--[if !mso]>
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<br />
<h2 class="PreformattedText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><b><span>What is an e-publication?</span></b></span></span></h2>
<div class="PreformattedText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>My first reaction to this question was a few simple criteria:</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="PreformattedText" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><b><span><span>1.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><span>Any published material available in digital form, incl. books, articles,
etc.</span><b><span></span></b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="PreformattedText" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><b><span><span>2.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><span>Any published material designed to be optimised for digital access.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="PreformattedText" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="Textbody">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>In particular, I thought of my lecture video's
and slides, which are only accessible online, and academic articles which are
"born digital", since I find them easier to read on a digital
platform. Another definition comes from the online dictionary for library and
information science.</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoQuote">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: windowtext;">“A </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_w.aspx#work"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">work</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;"> in </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_d.aspx#digital"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">digital</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;"> form capable of being read or
otherwise perceived, distributed to the general public electronically. The
category includes </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_e.aspx#electronicjournal"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">electronic journal</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s and </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_e.aspx#eprint"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">e-print</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s, </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_e.aspx#electronicmagazine"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">electronic magazine</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s and </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_n.aspx#newspaper"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">newspaper</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s, </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_e.aspx#electronicbook"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">electronic book</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s, </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_w.aspx#website"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Web site</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s, </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_w.aspx#weblog"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Weblog</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s, etc. Some electronic publications
are </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_o.aspx#online"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">online</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;"> versions of </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_p.aspx#print"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">print</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;"> </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_p.aspx#publication"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">publication</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">s; others are </span><span style="color: windowtext;"><a href="https://products.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_b.aspx#borndigital"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">born digital</span></a></span><span style="color: windowtext;">. Synonymous with </span><em><span style="color: windowtext; font-style: normal;">e-publication</span></em><span style="color: windowtext;">.”</span><span style="color: windowtext;"></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="Textbody">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>(Source: Reitz, J. M. Online dictionary for
library and information science, 2004. Santa Barbara: Libraries unlimited.)</span></span></span></div>
<div class="Textbody">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="Textbody">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>Both preceding definitions are broad, but still
focused on the electronic form of content. Dr. Mercieca also delivered insight
in the lecture to focus on the publication side, and the electronic delivery
and distribution. In this, he raised the issues of propriety control of access –
such as with Kindle or iBook files, and even YouTube video's – as well as the
potential for e-publications to be completely different products compared to analogue/print
publications, in terms of the interactive potential and the extra meta/data
which can be stored and retrieved from them. Two other publication types for
which I'd like to focus are images and games. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="Textbody">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><div class="Textbody">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>One thing you might not know
about me is that I'm fascinated by maps. In my downtime, I've taken real-world
countries apart and put them back together differently, according to logical
data points. One such is by climate zones, from a map by Australia's Bureau of Meteorology
(BOM). This is no less than an e-publication by BOM itself; it may well exist
in a physical form, but gains no additional functional worth by being
distributed in a large hard-copy. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="Textbody">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><div class="Textbody">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>Thinking of images as e-publications: A <a href="https://librammea.blogspot.com/2019/10/the-reverse-museum-and-interactive.html">previous
post</a> had me wide-eyed about the possibility of virtual museum exhibits, and
"interactive archaeology", in which the general public could interact
with a 3D model of collected and curated artefacts, and gain insight into all
the available details. I used the example of a medieval steel breastplate,
which good gaming companies already create and use interactive 3D models. Indeed,
the British Maritime Museum collaborated with the publisher Creative Assembly
to let them reproduce historical ship models in Empire: Total War. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="Textbody">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span>This brings me to computer/video/mobile games, which
are absolutely publications going by their industry structure. As an avid
gamer, I notice and would love to see more collaborations between GLAMR
institutions and game developers/publishers. They are a great way to sneakily
have people experience things which are otherwise complex to explain. In my
current favourite Kingdom Come: Deliverance, for example, you go from a penniless
peasant to wealthy petty nobility; at some point, you notice that your
priorities change in everything from diet to clothing to transport. Sid Meier's
Civilisation: Colonisation is designed to simulate the settlement of North America
by the West India Companies of European kingdoms; both games an internal
reference function – the 'codex' and 'civilopedia', respectively – which then
inspired further digital content. </span></span></span><br />
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-90360829100720921642019-10-02T17:13:00.003-07:002020-03-05T16:42:53.340-08:00The Reverse-museum and interactive archaeology. <div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">Like
most students, I'm sure, I spend a lot of time in procrastination
instead of the research and writing that I'm meant to. I prefer not
to say, "wasting time", since it can be put to unexpected
use, such as the inspiration for this article. As part of this, I
subscribe to the </span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/britishmuseum"><span style="color: #1155cc;"><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;"><u>British
Museum on YouTube</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">,
and blundering through computer games based in middle-age and
colonial age settings. </span></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">(My
obsession for the past year has been </span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.kingdomcomerpg.com/"><span style="color: #1155cc;"><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;"><u>Kingdom
Come: Deliverance</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">,
which aspired to be as realistic in detail as possible. It has
generated its own niche of internet fandom/nerdiness, which is
concerned with questions from "how to construct an ideal suit of
armour?" to "how could you accurately transcribe a
illustrated Bible found in a monastery library?".)</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEics1MC5G_CM_SiUDHin3wdcac-KSX3zgSCLOHB8RqryLNryt0gB94kZYxq0CIokkEBb37hdPQLbacTlxHyOYFKgHVGWpSi6yWvOqy4VJSg79AkY898kZZZfUl9MaUNwkVXeaRH7gAqcbU/s1600/script.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1005" data-original-width="999" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEics1MC5G_CM_SiUDHin3wdcac-KSX3zgSCLOHB8RqryLNryt0gB94kZYxq0CIokkEBb37hdPQLbacTlxHyOYFKgHVGWpSi6yWvOqy4VJSg79AkY898kZZZfUl9MaUNwkVXeaRH7gAqcbU/s400/script.jpg" width="397" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">By
interactive museum work, I was inspired by the Queensland State
Archives, which found a creative use for their collection of
architectural drawings: converting them into stages of an arcade
game, based on the classic Pac Man. For the cost of getting there,
you can chase a mate and a few unfriendly sprites around the Thursday
Island watch house! </span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">The
British museum videos are especially engaging in how they use their
exhibits to tell a story. these are variously about the technology in
use, or how useful the exhibit itself would have been originally, the
political and economic context where from which it originally
derived, or even how people used to pass the time in a given time and
place.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">This
led me to stumble upon the channel for </span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/todsstuff1"><span style="color: #1155cc;"><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;"><u>Tod's
Workshop</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">,
where I finally learned points of trivia like the difference between
a knife/sword, or spear/Lance. Then there's this wonderful piece,
which starts with the question: "</span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBxdTkddHaE"><span style="color: #1155cc;"><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;"><u>could
arrows actually get through metal plate armour?</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">".</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">(If
the rest of this article doesn't make much sense, I promise it will
after be watching through that video.)</span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">This
video has thousands of fans and has taken the internet by storm, with
good reason. Structurally, it is as well assembled as the best
academic articles where likely to find open (and perhaps, the best
metalwork). It starts with a research question and analyses the
sources available to give insight into the answer. Todd then outlines
the design of a test for existing assumptions and knowledge, then
finds people with skills and materials appropriate to putting a field
test or experiment together. They execute the plan, discuss the
results, and then tweak their experiment further before arriving at a
solid and convincing conclusion. this would make it a great piece for
teachers to show their students (especially the little boys).</span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">More
fascinating I think we can agree was how they managed to design and
faithfully recreate solid steel armour appropriate to the time
period, including with the tools and techniques of that time,
especially considering most mediaeval tradespeople were illiterate! </span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a><span style="font-family: Gentium Book Basic, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">This
got me thinking about what a new field for the GLAMR industries might
be, for which my working label is “reverse curation”, or
“interactive archaeology” (© Douglas 2019). Not everyone could
or would go to a physical museum and view original or recreated
exhibits, regardless of the subject. Video series by archaeologists,
curators, archivists etc. on their exhibits could be great for
communicating their value to a bigger audience, particularly in
combination with skilled enthusiasts to answer questions about things
we know must have happened, but we're unsure how or why. Perhaps
include a professional conservator or re-constructionist/restorer or
dramaturg to make the direct link that this is a real and serious
thing people are paid to do.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">Another
example is just as impressive, but more terrifying and more topical.
Since the mid-1980s, a group of sailors calling themselves the </span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.thefirstmarinersexpeditions.com/"><span style="color: #1155cc;"><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;"><u>First
Mariners </u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">has
been recreating epic sea voyages in what I can only really think of
as reverse curation, but also describes itself as “archaeological
re-enactment”. They started with a migration from Indonesia to
Madagascar, which is theorized to have been achieved dozens of
thousands of years ago. That's easy enough, until you question how
people from that place and time would have crossed the whole Indian
Ocean or especially why. Similarly, a Viking dragon boat was built to
specification, to test a voyage from Denmark to Ireland by way of
Scotland. In early 2020 (summertime for us), this epic voyages team
will build an ocean going raft to sail </span><a href="https://www.thefirstmarinersexpeditions.com/timor-to-australia"><span style="color: #1155cc;"><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;"><u>between
Timor and northern Australia</u></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">,
again to see whether and how it can be done. They're combining stone
axes and reed-grass rope with G. P. S. Personally, I'm excited for
this! I’m even tempted to go and be part of it!</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif; font-size: small;">In
the near future, I foresee a collection of historical resources
hosted on dedicated cloud servers, which people can interact with
virtually, to a degree that no decent archivists/curator would allow
physically. Returning to the example of Tod's Workshop, I was
fascinated by the discussion of how the breastplate is a different
thickness in different places. Imagine a digital tool which allowed
you to take a virtual replica and analyse it in as much detail as you
wanted; far more than you'd read on the attending label in a physical
museum. You could track the thickness of the metal, its chemical
composition, variations in design over time, place of manufacture,
owner, and so on. This could be especially useful for exhibits which
an audience couldn't physically interact in the first place: massive
historical buildings for analysing their architecture and
construction; any famous art museum; any maritime museum; a war
memorial which allowed visualisation and interaction with the
battlefields, down to the weather conditions. From there, it would be
easy to make themed virtual exhibitions. An alternative or even
transition state could have exhibit labels with Q. R. Codes, readable
by the audience members' tablet or smartphone. This would allow them
to take time to absorb the details of the resources, including with
their own accessibility settings, and in their preferred language.
Interface functionality could even allow exploring the pieces without
the metric system (for those who insist on using 1:16</span><span style="font-size: small;"><sup><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">th
</span></sup><span style="font-family: "gentium book basic" , serif;">inches).
</span></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
</div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0North Ipswich QLD 4305, Australia-27.5839665 152.75884399999995-27.6402565 152.67816299999996 -27.5276765 152.83952499999995tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-83323126470881084992019-07-28T18:30:00.001-07:002019-07-28T18:30:24.671-07:00Rare find<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqHYJxuRhfTCDLd3ZTLfCOqKFDOKNyHIQIh-ObbO-z2291EJQwexGnrXvtpFT1cRHYnVJCzRRxP8kNpnE0cu_ENA2Z_gYK2Veo0I4akcMThMHijXFEWsZanjcQO_t9xcWDJm6rkPKw6L4/s1600/abridg%2527d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="937" data-original-width="1249" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqHYJxuRhfTCDLd3ZTLfCOqKFDOKNyHIQIh-ObbO-z2291EJQwexGnrXvtpFT1cRHYnVJCzRRxP8kNpnE0cu_ENA2Z_gYK2Veo0I4akcMThMHijXFEWsZanjcQO_t9xcWDJm6rkPKw6L4/s320/abridg%2527d.jpg" width="320" /></a>I started volunteering in a collection at the Queensland Museum last week. Specifically, I'm in the Science Centre, which was merged with the museum years ago. This was the highlight of my day: a nearly ancient book, still intact, resting comfortably in the shelves of the museum. You might imagine, it was a thrill just to see and hold!Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-38812806723978261832019-07-21T16:34:00.000-07:002019-10-02T17:04:48.481-07:00Heroic Librarianship<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">We
don't often associate the work of librarians, archivists, or curators
as being particularly heroic. Frequently though, they have been, and
I've been giving a lot of thought to this in the past few weeks. Most
recently, <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/saturdayextra/syrias-secret-library/11323128">this
piece</a> alerted me to the “secret library” maintained by
civilians in the ongoing Syrian Civil War. On a related note,
ISIL/Daesh has made a tidy profit from smuggling antiquities out of
Syria and Iraq [at least, those which are small enough to be
portable, as the more monumental ones they simply destroy]. </span></span>
</div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh4GWphecFYg7tCnHW1wEJWrkLyCyEsADdLagc5_u07aipCridVVFEN3ar7rU_FOqePyNVsE_qYUWzOIojuBWiDMyoOW3QZyXN61d9XRrhxL41HXgDUfJxdKpvh6ljwgR_zz16EKcmsoc/s1600/belongs+in+a+museum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="152" data-original-width="332" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh4GWphecFYg7tCnHW1wEJWrkLyCyEsADdLagc5_u07aipCridVVFEN3ar7rU_FOqePyNVsE_qYUWzOIojuBWiDMyoOW3QZyXN61d9XRrhxL41HXgDUfJxdKpvh6ljwgR_zz16EKcmsoc/s400/belongs+in+a+museum.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">There
is in fact a long history of “critical librarianship”, which
involves the profession, as custodians of knowledge, preventing it
from being destroyed. This is simple enough in the case of pests and
natural disasters, but frequently dangerous when humankind is the
threat. We have music today from Russian composers who were banned by
the Soviet Union; transgender theory is alive and well today, despite
it being <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-the-nazis-destroyed-the-first-gay-rights-movement-80354">one
of the topics subject to book-burning </a>by the Nazis; plenty of
“counter-revolutionary” academic and cultural work was smuggled
out of China during the Cultural Revolution, and that's all within
the past century. </span></span>
</div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">I
was thinking of this recently at an industry forum, with respect to
information literacy in the “post truth” era in which we
currently find ourselves. Professionals of this industry have a
tradition of subversiveness, with the interests of the preservation
and advancement of knowledge and culture firmly in mind. My
subversive inner child is excited at the prospect!</span></span></div>
<div lang="en-AU" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-32093722961020815132019-03-18T17:03:00.001-07:002020-04-03T21:58:59.869-07:00Diversity and Self-Representation<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
The question of how people represent themselves online has
been fraught with complexity since the earliest days of social media. I have
been intrigued by this for a long time, especially after living in parts of the
world which use modified versions of the standard roman alphabet – or a
completely different one altogether – and still navigating the technology and
online spaces. I want to now present my thoughts and experience about digital
diversity, as part of #23things.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Self-identification is an issue which people need to address
in their earliest days of internet access, like what should be
your first email address, and user names for different online fora. I for
example was so boring that my first email address was the suggested <a href="mailto:gordon_douglas@hotmail.com"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;">gordon_douglas@hotmail.com</span></span></a>. When the time came to replace it, the first idea that came to mind was to represent that I was born in Canberra. This has the added benefit of making it easier for other people to remember, after I give it out.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Curiously, communities form even at this early stage: I remember a friend –
whose address was an numbered variant of doorhandle_@hotmail – being approached
by other people with doorhandle_ addresses, organising out of spite for whoever
had claimed the original doorhandle of hotmail. This included “hacktivists”
from vastly different areas, including him in suburban Brisbane. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Social media and games further allowed the potential to
customise a virtual character so that it appeared nothing like you. You could
be part of the Orcish Horde in World of Warcraft, or one of various alien races
in Mass Effect, and no one would really care about your real-world demographics
like gender, height, or ethnicity. Virtual worlds like Second Life took
character customisation to its extreme, allowing people to express themselves
as having giraffe heads walking on springs instead of legs. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Real-world demographics do penetrate these virtual worlds,
however. English is easily <a href="https://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;">the dominant language of </span></span><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;">I</span></span><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;">nternet
users</span></span></a>, with Chinese as a strong second [I suspect that this
is only modern simplified Mandarin, but may also include Cantonese and
Taiwanese]. Russian is only meant to account for 109M users globally, but seems
to be very active in a number of specific communities. These include several of
my favourite computer games, as well as Bitcoin mining. Chinese, Japanese, and
Korean Internet subcultures have also developed over the past decade, with a
stereotypical link between Koreans and Star Craft 2 for example, and other
games being released explicitly based on Chinese and Japanese history and
mythology, to counter the traditional European default. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What this means is that language barriers still arise. How
do you join or join a conversation with someone you met online, but whose name
you can’t read? </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Indeed, default Internet users are still assumed to be people
like myself: younger, Caucasoid, Anglophone, able-bodied, and male. Even with
evidence that <a href="https://www.igea.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/IA9-Interactive-Australia-2009-Full-Report.pdf"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;">females gamers make a growing portion of
the market</span></span></a>, and that 50% of all internet users are from Asia
– not to mention growing numbers of people with disabilities – old habits die
hard. The major producers still see North America as their main market, and so
continue to populate their characters with Caucasian and African Americans. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Robertson, Magdy, and Goldwater, in their <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.10738.pdf"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;"><span style="color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black;">2018 study on use of skin tones in emojis</span></span></a>, found that
the lightest skin tones were the most popular in personal communications,
particularly in Asia. This may have a relationship to how anime traditionally
depicts otherwise distinctively Japanese ways of life, but with characters of
Caucasoid appearance. They noted however that people with regular and reliable
internet access are more likely to be of lighter skin-tones themselves, and so
are more likely to be digitally active and visible. In North America, with 94%
internet penetration, the use of various skin-tones is markedly more equal than
in other parts of the world, further reinforcing the existing relationships
between ethnicity, poverty, and access to technology. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The above study was based on the difference between uses of
digital icons where the skin-tone could/not be changed. The default is still a
bright yellow, such as in the Simpsons or the typical smiley-face stickers.
There is still a great case to be made for virtual escape-zones, where the
characters or avatars are so far removed from real-world ethnicities as to be
meaningless, in terms of working backwards. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Online spaces were not intended to be political, and indeed,
there is fierce backlash against “political correctness gone mad” and “social
justice warriors” taking over. Real-world politics has also become fixated with
denouncing “identity politics”, and yet, what is politics if not about
identity? We commonly describe ourselves to others by our occupation, which
carries a range of demographic assumptions. We are encouraged - at least in traditional political institutions - to self-identify by where we live, but we will curiously tell people which sports team we support freely, while information like ethnicity or country of birth has to be actively sought. People have always been diverse,
and it should be no surprise that their diversity carries over to the internet.
</div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-34300298147074102272019-03-14T22:40:00.001-07:002020-04-03T21:55:04.399-07:00Online Security<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Online security is not something to
take lightly. Fortunately, I have been aware of the risks for a long
time. The one foremost in my mind is the risk of identity theft:
someone uses my name, picture, and a few details to impersonate me. I
can be used as a vector to spread a digital virus, or even have my
false identity used to commit serious crimes [theft, fraud, hate
crimes, and so on]. I also remember watching <a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000113/">Sandra
Bullock</a> in the Net [1995], as a computer programmer who puts her
entire life on the then-nascent internet, and puts her life in
danger.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Not taking care of your online security
can potentially put other people at risk, too. In <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-08-24/metadata-what-you-found-will-ockenden/6703626">this
experiment</a>, some ABC journalists shared the digital footprint
left behind by their mobile phones over a weekend. In the case of one
young man, the wider public were then able to correctly guess when he
was moving house, where that new house was, the mobile phone number
of his living-in significant other, and that of his mother!</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
While that kind of revelation is easily
shocking, I’m not as overly protective about my data as some
people. For example, if I want a mapping application to show me
directions around an unfamiliar location, then my mobile will need to
transmit data about my location to its server. Given that I have also
worked in freedom of information, I am also aware of privacy law, and
the regulations around it. So here are a few handy lessons which I’ve
learned.</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Artificial intelligence is still
really stupid. Despite how much data I have given to Facebook, over
more than ten years, I have had to literally LOL at some of the
recommendations it’s made to me. Even while I mostly access it on
my mobile, with the aforementioned location signal broadcast, it
still seems to have a vague idea of where I am [to within ~100 km].
Google Maps and WhereIs – with all the data in the white pages, no
less – sometimes can’t even find a street address where I have
been before. Just as ridiculous are the suggested contacts provided
by LinkedIn, including people I have never met, from completely
different industries and countries, with no common connections or
interests. Then of course there is the controversy over how easy it
is for a picture to be banned for “offensive content” which
include “female-presenting nipples”, but not images of rape or
torture. If the machine is so easily fooled, I don’t believe that
I am at risk.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Mess with the machines. Perhaps
one reason why Facebook and Google are so easily fooled is that I
lie to them sometimes. Facebook and Google+ are broadcast media;
your profile is available indiscriminately to basically anyone and
everyone. I do have real pictures of myself on my profile, but my
main profile picture is not one of them. Images which I have used
previously include:
</div>
<ol type="a">
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Gordon Freeman, from video-game
series Half Life;</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Gordon Tracy A.K.A. #6, from the
Thunderbirds T.V. programme;</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Coran, from the new Voltron T.V.
programme;
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Gordon Brown, former British
Prime Minister;</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
A random mural on a wall in inner
Melbourne.</div>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
What all of them have in common is that
they mostly look like me, but are images cleverly sourced from
elsewhere on the internet. [I also did this for a joke about how
Gordon is a relatively uncommon name.]
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Additionally, I don’t put my home
address into a navigation app. when I’m going home from somewhere
unfamiliar. Instead, I’d use a nearby landmark, and I would never
put it on a publicly-available digital profile.
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Because my main image and location are
not the first things immediately broadcast about myself, putting my
name into a search engine doesn’t find me, which brings me to the
next point.
</div>
<ol start="3">
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Be a small target. Who would want
to be me? Specifically, of all the billions of identities available
to steal – and infinitely more which you could just make up –
why would you choose to be a mature-aged Caucasoid student in
Australia. Writing “Gordon Douglas + Australia” into Google
turns up at least a dozen separate identities on the first three
pages. These include an ANZAC, a corporate Director, a criminal, a
visual artist, and even dead writers and filmmakers. The Director,
artists, and the news website who reported on the cases of child
abuse all have a vested interest in ensuring that their search
results rank highly; I do not [yet]. If you wanted to cheat people
out of serious money, wouldn’t you try pretending to be them
instead? Since most giant search engines are for-profit causes, they
can easily be manipulated by money. That brings me to my next point. </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Remember legal responsibilities.
Despite what Facebook might say, Australians legally own their
personal data. This is the foundation of our privacy law, which they
and all others must obey. If you believe that your data is being
misused, or inadequately protected, there are State and Federal
Government agencies responsible for enforcing your rights. At the
extreme end, someone who successfully steals your identity could be
sued, and even imprisoned for fraud. I can also tell you that the
Victorian Information Commissioner would put more time and effort
into scrutinising your complaints than Facebook would.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Related to this, some credit should be
given to digital giants now having internal complaints and review
procedures, which they didn’t have at the start. Anyone dealing
with big volumes of personal data now realises that they need
multiple checks and balances in place, and it’s best when they are
automatic. My bank doesn’t know my PIN, or my online password, and
doesn’t even track my keystrokes when I’m entering that in, just
in case. When dealing with Centrelink or the Tax Office, you have to
enter a digital password, then wait for another code sent to the
email address or mobile phone number you’ve previously provided,
making it effectively a three-stage identity screen, which no one at
the client organisations can access.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
On that note, it also helps if I
don't know my own online passwords. That might not make any sense,
so hear me out: I was introduced to the 1Password application, which
creates randomised passwords, of any length. I generally make them
~36 characters long, which means that I can't even remember them.
The probability of someone being able to guess this string –
keeping in mind that lower- and upper-case letters are recognised as
different characters – is extremely reassuring. If you really
wanted to, you could then change to a different, long, random,
complex password every so often.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Analogue data is sometimes best. I
still remember when 9MSN messenger chat windows all had a helpful
tip written down the bottom: “never give out your passwords or
credit number in a chat message”. Part of this is that records of
your online chats are easy to save for later use; they were never
intended for secure communications. When a friend writes a chat
message asking me to lend them some money, for example, I ask them
to give me a phone call to pass on their bank account details for a
transfer, which I then write down on a piece of paper, so that I can
tear it up and bury it once I’m done. [Either that, or we arrange
a time and place to physically hand over the money.] It would be
much more effort to hack every stage of that process, just to take
the small amount of money available, than to hack into a single,
random chat session. Similarly, at a business like a legal firm or
insurer, personal information is destroyed once it is used for its
intended purpose. That means that document shredding and recycling
has become a serious business.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
The medium is the message. This is
a quote from Andy Warhol which I enjoy using. I also like a quote
from Chris Rock, saying “you won’t break the law if you just use
common sense” [which is a lot like the anti-piracy advertising,
“you wouldn’t steal a car…”]. Likewise, your digital
footprint won’t be compromised if you don’t put details online
that you wouldn’t want someone overhearing in a casual
conversation.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Following the earlier example of Will
Ockenden from the ABC, you would likely tell your co-worker’s that
you were about to move on the weekend. You probably would not tell
them the origin and destination, and what time you planned to leave,
or which vehicle you would be using to transport all your stuff.
<br />
Sending your data on an encrypted website is <a href="https://www.ict.griffith.edu.au/anthony/info/crypto/Quotes.txt">like
sending it in an armoured truck</a>. You could, of course, be
suspicious of the people in the armoured truck. In that case, you
still have analogue options, as above.
</div>
</li>
</ol>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-76035185590198533992019-03-08T16:57:00.000-08:002020-04-03T21:50:06.615-07:00Autobots<div dir="ltr" id="docs-internal-guid-41525dfb-7fff-54da-e29c-7d720f0bbbe7" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">You might have already heard before that “librarians are the original search engine”. I certainly have, at least twice since beginning this degree. It got me thinking though about the trend of automating and digitising key functions. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thinking of my own habits, I much prefer to look up a library's catalogue and database and placing a reservation for what I want, instead of asking for it at a librarian's desk. In archiving, I also preferred to work from a list collated from emails, instead of having a steady drip-feed of notes and phone calls through the day. To me, it's a perfect example of technology use making work more efficiently, or working “smarter, not harder”. It also reminds me of the words of Andy Warhol, that “the medium is the message”; start with how you want someone to react, based on how the message is received.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Technology has its limits though. Just this morning, one of the uni researchers got a voicemail, even though the original phone call hadn't gotten to his phone. How many times have you been caught in the automatic checkout of a supermarket, when the scales failed to register something in your baggage area? You still have to employ someone to stand around to help twelve customers, instead of twelve people serving one customer at a time. I do still like having someone available at the library desk for when things go wrong. Then there are simple questions about the technology, like which WiFi account to log on to, or how to use the printer. (You might not believe it, but the Magistrates Court, County Court, and Supreme Court of Victoria have very different systems for how to access cases and copy the files.)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">You might think this is a Luddite rant about how machines will never be as good as people, because we would say that in this profession, wouldn't we? People have our limitations too, of course; the biggest being a failure of imagination. Do you remember for example the Australian census of 2016, with the I. B. M. database and website crashing on the first day? Or when Foxtel was hyping the exclusive release of Game of Thrones season seven, but the system engineers didn't adequately test a massed rush, leading their own customers to download pirated copies of the first episode. People are fundamentally unpredictable, and digital systems don't cope with the unpredictable.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Those episodes to me teach a few lessons. While A. I. & “machine learning” are major buzzwords right now, they won't be programmed to predict consumer behaviour any time soon, because people are too random. I'm reminded of Tony Attwood's quip that autistic children prefer using computers to human teachers, “because computers don't get P. M. T. or hangovers”. People have their place alongside machines, because their exact purpose is to assist us. In terms of my own career, archiving is a good bet, because it is exactly that combination of thinking which files are useful, how it should be accessed, who will make use of it, and directing them to related useful material. </span></div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-74254788945644768542019-03-08T16:55:00.004-08:002023-02-13T01:20:45.769-08:00Commonwealth of Data<div dir="ltr" id="docs-internal-guid-2c7c7587-7fff-cdd5-7a0e-6ce4ccd76c06" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">One of the funny things that's come up in my readings is the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (A. A. C. R.). The idea behind it was that people should be able to read and decode any catalogue/library entry, by use of a common format. The fact of the existence of these standards might sound dry as a bone to you (and it was to me too), except that I learner a few cool facts, which got me thinking.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">As well as providing a standard format, it also standardised features of the language. From my training as a TESOL teacher, I know that the difference between British English and American English is as different as say French and Quebecois. These rules standardised which spelling is used for what, and which punctuation is used. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Then there are the countries where it applies. Originally of course,it was a collaboration between the British Library and the Library of Congress, based on initial standards from the British Museum. Canada naturally joined in too, and so did Australia, and (West) Germany. To my knowledge, Ireland and New Zealand didn't adopt these rules.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">These rules were also brought into line with the International Standard Bibliographic Description (I. S. B. D.), published in 2007. These rules and standards were brought about by collaboration instead of regulation, which could be why they are not widely used outside of the concerned profession. The organised network which drew these up recognises wider applications for information transfer and protection (copyright).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">With my previous work in market research, I also came across standards for statistical classifications between Australia and New Zealand. Given that, I wonder if formulation and implementation of rules like this should be a role for the Commonwealth of Nations. The Commonwealth is a natural place to co-ordinate and harmonise information transfer, short of a authority like UNESCO. We already have applications that can link libraries from Australia to Uruguay, as I discovered using public libraries in Melbourne. Using intergovernmental panels could not generate extra goodwill and cohesion amongst their member nations, and strengthen professional networks. It would also make institutions like the Commonwealth more relevant. </span></div>
Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1267295517893009700.post-76809806615426740892019-03-03T20:34:00.004-08:002023-02-13T01:00:30.002-08:00What's in the name?Thanks for checking out my new 'blog, which I intend to use as a personal catalogue of my investigation of information management. It's a surprisingly broad area, which was a bit of a surprise to me when I first started looking at it last year. People originally called it "library science", which I had never thought of as a career path before. After all, there's the old saying that if you love books, don't work in a library, because you'll never get to read them.<br />
<br />
The other possibilities are quite broad: I previously worked in an I.T. company selling equipment for 'big data' storage and processing, so that's not something which is going away. Public catalogues and archives are used by all sorts of people, for all sorts of things. I even used the earliest maps of Ipswich from <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=8&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjg6MSUtefgAhUDOSsKHUICCmMQFjAHegQIFhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.qld.gov.au%2Frecreation%2Farts%2Fheritage%2Farchives%2Fcollection&usg=AOvVaw3iF4Io12Xx2j6w9dAFvVO2">Queensland's State Archives</a> to make Christmas presents last year.<br />
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To introduce you to my thinking, then, I want to go through my surprisingly inspired thinking for the name of this blog.<br />
First of all, you might notice that it's a Latin pun: <i>Libera mea</i>, "liberate me".<br />
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When I was reading and writing for I.T. blogs, I thought a bit about why people still refer to "libraries" for data. This word itself also has a Latin origin, ultimately from <i>liber</i>, the inner bark of trees [paper]. Because the only people concerned with books for a long time in my cultural/historical context were the Catholic Church, the word libraries stuck, <a href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/library#etymonline_v_9474">replacing previous English words </a>like "book-hoard" or "book-house". Fun fact: the word <i>libricide </i>was also briefly in use, for the destruction of books, and knowledge generally.<br />
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[Side benefit, I get to say that I needed to play a computer game for uni. work. Hopefully, that tradition holds up!]<br />
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If you ask me, catalogue [for those of us who aren't American] is a much better word for handling records of various types. It comes from Greek: <a href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/catalogue#etymonline_v_44878">variously translated </a>as "a reckoning list", "a complete count", or a "record of words". Then again, describing myself as a "cataloguing student" would be even more boring than library/data scientist, or data/information management.<br />
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Why <i>libram</i>? It turns out not to be a real word, in an academic sense. It was <a href="http://orinmacgregor.blogspot.com/2009/03/it-occurred-to-me-after-talking-with-my.html">invented </a>as a deliberately arcane word for a heavy book, since being popularised by media like Dungeons & Dragons and World of Warcraft. It struck me as being very appropriate then, to describe a digital/virtual record; in a literal sense, it is not a real, physical object.<br />
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I didn't have much interest in blogging honestly before coming up with this title. Here's hoping it's enjoyable for each of us, as we delve into <i>Libram Mea in Terra Australis</i>, my digital rants and data-dumps. Gifadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01725258535671780636noreply@blogger.com0